The Nieuwe Haagse School (literally New Hague School) is a Dutch architectural style dating from the period between the two World Wars. Related to Amsterdam School and Bauhaus architecture, the style is characterised by its straight lines and cubist shapes. The term was first used in 1920, by the Amsterdam School-architect C. J. Blaauw.
History
The term New Hague School is being used for the first time in 1920 by the Amsterdam School architect CJ Blaauw in a not too positive article on the latest developments in modern architecture. The blooming period of the New Hague School is between 1925 and 1940. By, among others, Jan Wils and W. Verschoor, around 1920, a home-style inspired by American ‘residential hotels’ was developed, especially among the affluent Hagenaars, who had a modern but not too radical living environment, was very popular. The New Hague School is therefore a somewhat more luxurious version of the Amsterdam School that arose a little earlier. The New Hague School is at the same time a somewhat looser version than the strict art-deco style and can be characterized as a mix of the rationalism of Berlage , the more traditional arts and craft movement and the avant-garde movement De Stijl . Although the style was more luxurious than the Amsterdam School and somewhat looser than art deco, the lines are quite strict. The New Hague School is also inspired by, among others, Dudok and Van Loghem , whose elements can also be found. The American architect Frank Lloyd Wright has also been a source of inspiration.
Style attributes
The New Hague School is recognizable by the crossing roofs and the straight and cubist forms. Characteristic are the horizontal lines of façade bands above frames, bay windows and balconies, the urban design and the symmetry . What was special was that in large housing complexes of different architects, architects appointed by the municipality as Co Brandes exclusively designed the façades. As a result, large residential blocks within the Hague School often form a whole, which led to a great deal of unity in the streets. Attention was also paid to the entrance of the houses by the use of tiled terraces and masonry garden walls.
The horizontality is expressed through deepened joints, continuous horizontal window strips and wide dormer windows on tiled roofs. Other frequently used elements are: awnings above the front doors, wide bay windows , loggias , narrow bollards and skylights with stained glass . Chimneys provided vertical accents. Flat roofs and pitted roofs were used. The applied colors and materials are mostly traditional, a lot of green with white paintwork, with natural varnished front doors. The style occurs in all classes of housing: in luxury homes, the middle segment and in the cheaper public housing environment . Typical examples of this construction can be found in Marlot ( Parkflat Marlot ), the Zuiderpark and the Bomen- en Bloemenbuurt in The Hague.
Special was the introduction of the Hague porch home . With residential blocks of three storeys, all dwellings had the front door on the street, with the proviso that the front doors of the dwellings on the floors were on an open porch on the first floor. The houses on the ground floor had the entrance at street level. This type of home has also been realized in other cities. There was also the two-under-one-roof house: two equal houses under one large, overhanging roof.
Woonhotels
In the 1920s, several large residential complexes were built in The Hague, so-called ‘residential hotels’ that consist of several dozen apartments. There were all kinds of modern facilities at the time, which were aimed at the residents not needing their own in-house servants or servants. There was a restaurant, but the meals could also be delivered at home. Outside the home there were sometimes guest rooms for general use. There were chutes for the dirt, staff of the residential hotel took care of the waste disposal. The homes within a complex could vary greatly in size and luxury. A few examples: Zorgvliet, an independent building that includes the Alexander Gogelweg 1 to 91 houses, built in 1923-1927 by A. Alberts and A. Broese van Groenou, Duinwyck, located at the Van Alkemadelaan, built in 1929 -1931 by LM van den Berg and JJ Groenema, and the Oldenhove designed by FA Warners and realized in 1928-1931 at the Laan van Meerdervoort .
Source From Wikipedia